ND 1-2-3: Understanding IEPs

If your child is neurodiverse, you know their brain processes the world differently. For many kids, that means school brings up some unique challenges. Depending on the kind of support your child needs, an IEP may be something to discuss with their teacher or a child study team (if available at your child’s school). 

It’s not always easy to understand or talk about. But you are your child’s best advocate. And making sure they have what they need at school so they can learn is good for everyone. You can talk to your child’s teacher or counselor about the differences between an IEP and a 504 plan. They’ll help you understand if one or the other might be helpful.

Here’s the 1-2-3:

1. Learn the difference between an IEP and a 504 plan: These two plans sound alike, but they work differently. An IEP gives specialized teaching to kids who fall into one of 13 disability groups under IDEA. A 504 plan gives extra support to kids who can keep up with regular classwork, but need some help along the way.

For example, let’s say you ask your child’s teacher about an IEP. They struggle with ADHD and have a hard time sitting still and finishing classwork. You’re wondering if they need a whole different curriculum. You might talk it through and learn your child could do well with extra time and a seat near the front. Those are things a 504 plan covers. Having these conversations help you get your child the right kind of support from the start.

2. Ask specifically about the 13 IDEA categories. If you’re not sure where your child fits, you might assume they won’t qualify for an IEP. But IDEA covers a wide range of groups.  These include autism, speech or language limitations, and ADHD or other diagnosed mental health disorders (which often qualify under the Other Health Impairment category).

For example, let’s say you know your child has anxiety that keeps her from participating in a lot of her classes. But you’re unsure if she would qualify for an IEP. You can ask the school to evaluate her and hold an IEP meeting. You might learn that your child’s anxiety could fall under an IEP category (like emotional disturbance). Knowing your child and asking specific questions might open up options you didn’t know existed. It is every parent’s right to submit a request for evaluation to determine eligibility for any special education services under IDEA.

3. Bring in support — you don't have to do this alone. Reading through evaluations, plans, and “official” language can feel like a lot. This is especially true in the early part of trying to figure out what support your child needs. You’re allowed to speak up and ask for help.

Trying to understand your child's evaluation or IEP can be overwhelming. Our coaches can help you feel more prepared. We have coaches who have experience with IEPs who can help you understand the language. They are happy to talk through questions and concerns. They can also review your child's plan with you. We'll help you ask the right questions of your child's school team.

The bottom line

Every child’s path through this process looks a little different. Ask specific questions. Learn the terms. Bring in support when you need it. You know your child best, and that’s one of the most valuable tools in this process.

Remember, there’s no waitlist to meet with an expert coach. And it’s always free. We’re here to help!